Access to Justice and Human Rights Protection in Nigeria: Problems and Prospects

Abstract

This paper explores the critical role of access to justice in the protection of human rights in Nigeria, asserting that the enforcement of fundamental rights is contingent upon individuals' ability to access the courts. It identifies and analyzes various barriers to access to justice in Nigeria, including undue delays in the administration of justice, high litigation costs, rigid adherence to technical rules, issues of locus standi, and widespread illiteracy. Through a detailed examination of these obstacles, the paper validates the argument that these factors significantly hinder the realization of justice in Nigeria. The study employs a qualitative research methodology, utilizing interviews, surveys, and a review of existing literature and legal documents to gather data. The paper also explores potential improvements, such as judicial reforms, the promotion of alternative dispute resolution mechanisms, a reduced emphasis on technicalities, and the strengthening of the Legal Aid Scheme. It argues that these measures could significantly enhance access to justice, thereby positively impacting the protection of human rights in Nigeria. In conclusion, the paper proposes a new direction for promoting and protecting human rights in Nigeria through enhanced access to justice. It discusses how the legal system can be made more responsive to the needs of Nigerians, ensuring that individuals and groups can effectively seek justice and, consequently, better protect their human rights.